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您可以使用以下語(yǔ)法從collection.find()返回特定字段。

情況1 – 語(yǔ)法如下 –

db.yourCollectionName.find({},{"yourFieldName":1}).pretty();

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上面的字段名稱(chēng)設(shè)置為 1 意味著它將僅返回該字段。如果設(shè)置為 0，它將返回除設(shè)置為 0 的字段之外的所有字段。

情況 2 – 語(yǔ)法如下 –

db.yourCollectionName.find({},{"yourFieldName":0}).pretty();

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為了理解上述語(yǔ)法，讓我們用 document 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)集合。使用文檔創(chuàng)建集合的查詢(xún)?nèi)缦?–

> db.returnFieldInFindDemo.insertOne({"StudentName":"John","StudentAge":23,"TechnicalSubject":["MongoDB","MySQL"]});
{
   "acknowledged" : true,
   "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c8ebfe72f684a30fbdfd566")
}
> db.returnFieldInFindDemo.insertOne({"StudentName":"Mike","StudentAge":24,"TechnicalSubject":["Java","Python"]});
{
   "acknowledged" : true,
   "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c8ebffd2f684a30fbdfd567")
}
> db.returnFieldInFindDemo.insertOne({"StudentName":"Sam","StudentAge":22,"TechnicalSubject":["C","C++"]});
{
   "acknowledged" : true,
   "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c8ec00f2f684a30fbdfd568")
}
> db.returnFieldInFindDemo.insertOne({"StudentName":"Carol","StudentAge":20,"TechnicalSubject":["DataStructure","Algorithm"]});
{
   "acknowledged" : true,
   "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c8ec0292f684a30fbdfd569")
}

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借助 find() 方法顯示集合中的所有文檔。查詢(xún)?nèi)缦?–

> db.returnFieldInFindDemo.find().pretty();

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以下是輸出 –

{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ebfe72f684a30fbdfd566"),
   "StudentName" : "John",
   "StudentAge" : 23,
   "TechnicalSubject" : [
      "MongoDB",
      "MySQL"
   ]
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ebffd2f684a30fbdfd567"),
   "StudentName" : "Mike",
   "StudentAge" : 24,
   "TechnicalSubject" : [
      "Java",
      "Python"
   ]
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ec00f2f684a30fbdfd568"),
   "StudentName" : "Sam",
   "StudentAge" : 22,
   "TechnicalSubject" : [
      "C",
      "C++"
   ]
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ec0292f684a30fbdfd569"),
   "StudentName" : "Carol",
   "StudentAge" : 20,
   "TechnicalSubject" : [
      "DataStructure",
      "Algorithm"
   ]
}

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情況 1 – 這是您將返回特定字段的查詢(xún)。

查詢(xún)?nèi)缦?–

> db.returnFieldInFindDemo.find().pretty();

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輸出：

{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ebfe72f684a30fbdfd566"),
   "StudentName" : "John",
   "StudentAge" : 23,
   "TechnicalSubject" : [
      "MongoDB",
      "MySQL"
   ]
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ebffd2f684a30fbdfd567"),
   "StudentName" : "Mike",
   "StudentAge" : 24,
   "TechnicalSubject" : [
      "Java",
      "Python"
   ]
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ec00f2f684a30fbdfd568"),
   "StudentName" : "Sam",
   "StudentAge" : 22,
   "TechnicalSubject" : [
      "C",
      "C++"
   ]
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ec0292f684a30fbdfd569"),
   "StudentName" : "Carol",
   "StudentAge" : 20,
   "TechnicalSubject" : [
      "DataStructure",
      "Algorithm"
   ]
}

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看看上面的示例輸出，我已將“TechnicalSubject”字段初始化為 1。這意味著它將僅從所有文檔中返回“TechnicalSubject”字段。

情況 2

> db.retunFieldInFindDemo.find({},{"TechnicalSubject":0}).pretty();

{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ebfe72f684a30fbdfd566"),
   "StudentName" : "John",
   "StudentAge" : 23
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ebffd2f684a30fbdfd567"),
   "StudentName" : "Mike",
   "StudentAge" : 24
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ec00f2f684a30fbdfd568"),
   "StudentName" : "Sam",
   "StudentAge" : 22
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ec0292f684a30fbdfd569"),
   "StudentName" : "Carol",
   "StudentAge" : 20
}

> db.retunFieldInFindDemo.find();

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ebfe72f684a30fbdfd566"), "StudentName" : "John", "StudentAge" : 23, "TechnicalSubject" : [ "MongoDB", "MySQL" ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ebffd2f684a30fbdfd567"), "StudentName" : "Mike", "StudentAge" : 24, "TechnicalSubject" : [ "Java", "Python" ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ec00f2f684a30fbdfd568"), "StudentName" : "Sam", "StudentAge" : 22, "TechnicalSubject" : [ "C", "C++" ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ec0292f684a30fbdfd569"), "StudentName" : "Carol", "StudentAge" : 20, "TechnicalSubject" : [ "DataStructure", "Algorithm" ] }