俗話說得好，文化無國界，自然收藏也是無國界的，我們歷史上有很多錢幣，而今天我們要說的卻是日本的古錢幣-天保通寶。天保通寶雖為日本錢幣，但在我國也有發現。由于天保通寶形制獨特，當初很多收藏者不知此錢歷史，有人認為這是北齊文宣帝高洋天保(550—559)年間的鑄幣，也有人認為這是后梁明帝蕭巋天保(562—584)年間的鑄幣，甚至還有人將之劃歸于中國本土鑄造的花錢類別。直到上世紀90年代后，隨著日本古錢譜的流行，天保通寶的身份才逐漸被廣大收藏者知曉。
As the saying goes, culture has no borders, so does natural collection. There are many coins in our history, but today we are talking about the ancient Japanese coin Tianbao Tongbao. Although Tianbao Tongbao is a Japanese coin, it is also found in China. Due to the unique shape of Tianbao Tongbao, many collectors did not know the history of the coin. Some people thought it was the coin of Gaoyang Tianbao (550-559), Emperor Wenxuan of the Northern Qi Dynasty, others thought it was the coin of Xiaokui Tianbao (562-584), Emperor Ming of the Later Liang Dynasty, and some even classified it as the coin of China. It was not until the 1990s that the identity of Tianbao Tongbao was gradually known by the majority of collectors with the popularity of Japanese ancient coin notation.
按歷史文獻記載，天保通寶鑄造于日本仁孝天皇天保六年(1835)，當年日本災害頻發，糧食歉收致使全國發生災荒，農民起義風起云涌。為維護封建統治，江戶幕府在首席老中(高級統領)水野忠邦主持下實行改革，但不料改革失敗，為改變當時金融混亂局面，江戶幕府鑄造了“天保通寶”新幣，天保通寶材質優良，最初40枚可兌換黃金一兩，但天保通寶價值之后卻隨著通貨膨脹、鑄量增多而不斷貶值，至1870年，天保通保鑄造量達到了48400余萬枚，明治維新后，125枚天保通寶只能兌換一日元新幣。
According to historical records, Tianbao Tongbao was founded in 1835, the sixth year of emperor Renxiao's Tianbao reign. In that year, disasters occurred frequently in Japan, grain failure led to famine in the whole country and peasant uprising. In order to maintain the feudal rule, the Edo shogunate implemented the reform under the leadership of the chief Lao Zhong (senior commander) Tadao Mizuno. However, the reform failed. In order to change the financial chaos at that time, the Edo shogunate minted the new coin of "Tianbao Tongbao". Tianbao Tongbao was of good material. At first, 40 pieces of gold could be exchanged for one or two, but the value of Tianbao Tongbao continued to depreciate with inflation and the increase of casting amount, By 1870, the casting volume of Tianbao Tongbao had reached more than 484 million pieces. After the Meiji Restoration, 125 pieces of Tianbao Tongbao could only be exchanged for one yen.
日本《天保錢譜凡例》記載：“天保六年初鑄之天保通寶當百錢，為細廓者。弘化四年繼鑄之天保當百錢，為廓內有埋物，成為廣廓，其痕跡可見者。”可見每個時間段鑄造的錢幣雖有細微區別，但總體而言形制雷同，長寬約4.8×3.2厘米左右，中間皆有方孔，為象征日本祥瑞動物烏龜的橢圓形形狀。正面上下為楷體“天保通寶”四字，背面穿孔上為“當百”字樣，孔下為金工花押圖案，不同的花紋印記代表著各個鑄造地區。
Japan's "Tianbao coin Genealogy" records: "Tianbao Tongbao, which was cast at the beginning of the sixth year of Tianbao, should be a hundred coins. In the fourth year of Honghua, tianbaodang hundred coins were successively cast. There were buried objects in the outline, which became guangkuo, and its traces could be seen. " It can be seen that although the coins of each time period are slightly different, they are similar in shape, about 4.8 in length and width × About 3.2 cm, with square holes in the middle, is the oval shape of the tortoise, a symbol of auspicious animals in Japan. On the front, there are four characters of "Tianbao Tongbao" in regular script, on the back, there are the characters of "dangbai" and the patterns of metalworking Monogram under the holes. Different patterns represent different casting areas.
我國鑄造錢幣歷史悠久，朝鮮、安南、日本等周邊國家深受影響，天保通寶亦是日本先民吸收中國錢幣鑄造技術，植入本民族特點自行鑄造的貨幣之一，它不僅親歷了日本經濟發展史，同時也是中日文化交流與融合的重要憑證。
China has a long history of coin making, which is deeply influenced by Korea, Annan, Japan and other neighboring countries. Tianbao Tongbao is also one of the coins that Japanese ancestors absorbed Chinese coin making technology and implanted their own national characteristics. It not only witnessed the history of Japan's economic development, but also an important evidence of cultural exchange and integration between China and Japan.
此枚天保通寶當百銅幣，為長橢圓形銅錢，面穿上天保、下通寶，背穿上當、羊押，其鑄工精湛，銅色溫潤，形制規范，包漿熟舊。面略深而背稍淺，穿口干凈利落，符合時代特征。值得收藏！ 天保通寶：亦稱“天保錢”、“當百”。1835年（天保六年）以后江戶幕府鑄造的銅錢，1891年停止使用。古錢幣雖然經歷無窮歲月的洗禮，品相或許受到影響，所以收集到精品古錢幣難度就非常大。也許是因為此緣故，導致如今一些古錢幣價值連城，甚至僅僅一兩枚古錢幣，便能換到市區一套房子。因為古錢幣收藏市場產生的驚人利益和不斷涌現的財富神話，吸引了許多“土豪”蜂擁而入，當人們開始意識到古錢幣的真正價值的時候，奈何市面上的古錢幣早早被人搜刮而去，目前古錢幣基本上都藏于博物館和個別大藏家手中。
This Tianbao Tongbao coin is a long oval copper coin, wearing Tianbao and Tongbao on the face, wearing it on the back, and holding it in sheep. Its casting work is exquisite, its copper color is warm and moist, its shape is standardized, and its pulp is ripe and old. The face is slightly deep and the back is slightly shallow, and the mouth is clean and tidy, conforming to the characteristics of the times. Worth collecting! Tianbao Tongbao: Also known as " Tianbao Money" and " Dangbai". Copper coins cast by the Edo shogunate after 1835 ( the sixth year of Tianbao ) ceased to be used in 1891. Although the ancient coins have experienced the baptism of endless years, their appearance may be affected, so it is very difficult to collect the fine ancient coins. Perhaps because of this, some ancient coins today are priceless, and even one or two old coins can be exchanged for a house in the downtown area. Because of the amazing interests and wealth myths emerging in the ancient coin collection market, many " local tyrants" flocked in. When people began to realize the real value of ancient coins, they were ransacked early. At present, the ancient coins are basically hidden in museums and individual collectors' hands.
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