自原始佛教至部派佛教時(shí)期，由于戒律中(沙彌十戒)有“遠(yuǎn)離觀聽歌舞”之明文規(guī)定，故未能建立藝術(shù)發(fā)展之基礎(chǔ)，而僅限于佛足、金剛座、菩提樹等之雕畫，以為佛陀之象征。約至紀(jì)元前后，大乘佛教興起之時(shí)，雕刻、建筑、繪畫、工藝等藝術(shù)活動(dòng)始隨印度都市工商業(yè)與部分進(jìn)步派僧侶之革新精神而興起，打破以往小乘時(shí)代不敢模擬佛像之觀念，而普遍塑造佛像供養(yǎng)禮拜，佛教藝術(shù)乃藉造像而大興。西漢末年，佛教經(jīng)又絲綢之路傳入我國并逐漸發(fā)展起來，將佛教高深的哲理轉(zhuǎn)化為藝術(shù)形象，不斷吸收、融入中國之文化藝術(shù)，逐步發(fā)展形成了具有中國文化藝術(shù)內(nèi)涵、鮮明時(shí)代風(fēng)格與不同地區(qū)特色的中國佛造像藝術(shù)體系。
During the period from primitive Buddhism to Buddhism, due to the explicit stipulation of "stay away from watching and listening to songs and dances" in the precepts (the Ten Commandments of Sammi), the foundation of artistic development could not be established, and it was limited to the sculptures of Buddha's foot, Vajra, Bodhi tree, etc., which were regarded as the symbol of Buddha. Around the era, when Mahayana Buddhism rose, artistic activities such as sculpture, architecture, painting, and crafts began to rise with the innovative spirit of Indian urban industry and commerce and some progressive monks, breaking the previous idea that they did not dare to simulate Buddha statues in the Mahayana era, and generally shaping Buddha statues to support worship. Buddhist art flourished through statues. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Buddhism was introduced into China via the Silk Road and gradually developed. It transformed the profound philosophy of Buddhism into an artistic image, continuously absorbed and integrated into Chinese culture and art, and gradually developed and formed a Chinese Buddhist statue art system with Chinese cultural and artistic connotations, distinctive times style and different regional characteristics.
在佛陀造像藝術(shù)中，各種形象的佛陀永遠(yuǎn)是主角。佛陀造像的功能，首先是供眾瞻拜，已喚起信眾的信向;他同時(shí)又是藝術(shù)品，給人以審美的愉悅。這就是所謂佛教藝術(shù)“兩重性”的體現(xiàn)，即宗教性和世俗性。對(duì)造像藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作來說，所謂“宗教性”，要求佛陀形象滲透“神性”，高標(biāo)“彼岸性”，倡揚(yáng)出世、無欲、以教化信眾;所謂“世俗性”，又要求佛陀形象具有“人性”即“此岸性”，具有入世和有情的品格，以求得信眾的親和與認(rèn)同。這似乎互相矛盾。但是在創(chuàng)作實(shí)踐中，正是“神性”和“人性”兩種因素的互動(dòng)互融，推動(dòng)著中國式佛陀之美的探索和創(chuàng)造。
In the art of Buddha statues, Buddhas of various images are always the protagonists. The function of the Buddha statue, first of all, is for the public to worship, which has aroused the faith of the believers; He is also a work of art, giving people aesthetic pleasure. This is the embodiment of the so-called "duality" of Buddhist art, namely religious and secular. As far as the artistic creation of statues is concerned, the so-called "religiosity" requires the image of Buddha to penetrate into "divinity" and hold high the "other side", advocating birth and no desire to educate believers; The so-called "secularity" also requires that the image of Buddha has "humanity", that is, "this shore", and has the character of entering WTO and feeling, so as to win the affinity and recognition of believers. It seems contradictory. However, in creative practice, it is the interaction and integration of "divinity" and "humanity" that promotes the exploration and creation of Chinese Buddha's beauty.
一代高僧星云大師在他的組詩《偉大的佛陀》中充滿深情地寫道：鐘聲伴著晨曦，黎明把我從夢(mèng)中找回。揭開我心地的朦朧，又開始我虔誠的佛禮!我們敬仰的佛陀呀!愿您的慈光，庇佑著大地，庇佑著眾生，庇佑著我...佛陀——釋迦牟尼佛，佛教的創(chuàng)始人，原名喬達(dá)摩•悉達(dá)多，是古印度北部迦毗羅衛(wèi)國(今尼泊爾南部)的王子，19歲時(shí)，有感于人世生、老、病、死等諸多煩惱，遂舍棄王族生活，出家修行。31歲時(shí)，在菩提樹下大悟成佛，開始解脫六道輪回，度脫一切眾生脫離苦海，遂創(chuàng)立佛教。隨即在印度北部、中部恒河流域一帶傳教，80歲時(shí)涅盤。成佛后的釋迦牟尼，被尊稱為“佛陀”，意思是“悟者”、“覺者”。民間信仰佛教的人也常稱“佛祖”。以釋迦牟尼佛形象塑造的佛造像種類很多。
A generation of monk nebula masters wrote with deep affection in his group poem "The Great Buddha": The bell accompanied by dawn, and Leon Lai Ming brought me back from my dream. Uncover the obscurity of my heart and start my pious Buddha ceremony again! The Buddha we admire! May your kindness protect the earth, all living beings and me ... Buddha-Sakyamuni Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, formerly known as Siddhartha Gautama, was the prince of Kapi Luowei country in ancient northern India (now southern Nepal). When he was 19 years old, he felt many troubles about life, old age, illness and death in the world, so he abandoned his royal life and became a monk. At the age of 31, he realized that he was a Buddha under the Bodhi tree, and began to free himself from The six great divisions in the wheel of karma. He freed all living beings from suffering and founded Buddhism. He immediately preached in the Ganges River valley in northern and central India, and he became Nirvana at the age of 80. Sakyamuni, who became a Buddha, was honored as "Buddha", meaning "enlightened person" and "awakened person". Folks who believe in Buddhism are often called "Buddha". There are many kinds of Buddha statues shaped by the image of Sakyamuni Buddha.
此香灰生佛像，面相端莊，彎眉細(xì)目，眼神下視，面容沉靜，神態(tài)安逸。身姿挺拔，體態(tài)勻稱，衣紋寫實(shí)自然。下承石臺(tái)寶座，做工精細(xì)，時(shí)代特征鮮明。佛像整體造型端莊，比例勻稱，工藝精細(xì)，氣勢(shì)恢宏，展現(xiàn)出雄壯的雕塑之美。保有原裝臟，更顯其殊勝。
This fragrant gray Buddha statue has a dignified face, detailed bent eyebrows, low-down eyes, calm face and comfortable demeanor. Tall and straight, well-proportioned, and realistic and natural clothing patterns. Under the throne of stone stage, it has fine workmanship and distinct characteristics of the times. The Buddha statue is dignified in overall shape, well proportioned, fine in workmanship and magnificent in momentum, showing the magnificent beauty of sculpture. Keep the original dirty, even more obvious.
當(dāng)今的佛像藝術(shù)品收藏，人們已越來越關(guān)注佛像的精美度和完美性，精益求精，近乎到了苛刻的地步;不僅要求佛像的形象莊嚴(yán)，整體造型完好無損，而且還要求其裝藏完好。大家已基本形成共識(shí)，認(rèn)為只有完好品質(zhì)的佛教造像，才能充分準(zhǔn)確地顯示藝術(shù)品象征的佛教思想，才能真正保有藝術(shù)品原有的佛教靈性和加持力量，才能充分彰顯藝術(shù)品完美的藝術(shù)魅力與宗教價(jià)值，也才能讓我們從這些藝術(shù)品身上真正得到殊勝的審美享受和宗教體驗(yàn)。毫無疑問，這尊香灰生佛像以精美與完美的藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)值得大家特別珍視，它是佛像藝術(shù)收藏的極品，更是非常難得的佛教供奉圣物。
In today's collection of Buddha statues, people have paid more and more attention to the exquisiteness and perfection of Buddha statues, and strive for perfection, which is almost harsh; Not only is the image of the Buddha statue solemn and the overall shape intact, but it is also required to be well stored. Everyone has basically reached a consensus that only Buddhist statues with good quality can fully and accurately show the Buddhist thoughts symbolized by artworks, truly retain the original Buddhist spirituality and blessing power of artworks, fully demonstrate the perfect artistic charm and religious value of artworks, and enable us to truly get a unique aesthetic enjoyment and religious experience from these artworks. Undoubtedly, this fragrant gray Buddha statue deserves special value for its exquisite and perfect artistic performance. It is the best art collection of Buddha statues and a rare Buddhist sacred object.
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