中國(guó)古代錢(qián)幣萌芽于夏代，最初以貝幣作為交換單位，起源于殷商，發(fā)展于東周，統(tǒng)一于贏秦，歷經(jīng)了四千多年的漫長(zhǎng)歷史，創(chuàng)造了七十多項(xiàng)世界之最。
Ancient Chinese coins sprouted in Xia Dynasty. At first, they were exchanged with shell coins. They originated from the Yin and Shang Dynasties, developed in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and unified in the Qin Dynasty. After more than 4000 years of long history, they have created more than 70 of the world's most.
漢武帝于元鼎四年(前113年) 下令禁止郡國(guó)鑄錢(qián)，把各地私鑄的錢(qián)幣運(yùn)到京師銷(xiāo)毀，將鑄幣大權(quán)收歸中央。中央政府成立專(zhuān)門(mén)的鑄幣機(jī)構(gòu)，即由水衡都尉的屬官 (鐘官、辨銅、技巧三官) 負(fù)責(zé)鑄錢(qián)。鐘官負(fù)責(zé)鑄造，辨銅負(fù)責(zé)審查銅的質(zhì)量成色，技巧負(fù)責(zé)刻范。面文“五銖”二字的錢(qián)最初鑄于漢武帝元狩五年 (公元前118年)，重如其文，被稱(chēng)為五銖錢(qián)。
In the fourth year of Yuanding (113 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered that no money should be minted by any prefecture or country, and that the coins privately minted everywhere should be transported to the capital for destruction, and the power of minting should be taken back to the central government. The central government has set up a special mint, in which the subordinate officials of shuiheng Duwei (Zhong Guan, discerning copper and skilled officials) are responsible for the coinage. Zhong Guan is responsible for casting, discerning copper is responsible for reviewing the quality and quality of copper, and skill is responsible for molding. The coin with the character "wuzhu" in the inscription was originally cast in the fifth year of Yuanshou (118 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. It is as important as the inscription, and is called wuzhu coin.
五銖錢(qián)是秦漢貨幣史上的一大轉(zhuǎn)折，實(shí)現(xiàn)了中央對(duì)貨幣鑄造權(quán)的集中統(tǒng)一。西漢時(shí)期的五銖錢(qián)，枚重五銖，形制規(guī)整，重量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，鑄造精良。王莽篡漢以后，改國(guó)號(hào)為新朝，王莽頒布一系列改變幣制的法令，禁五銖，行新錢(qián)，先后規(guī)定的貨幣三十余種，其形式模仿周制，等級(jí)龐雜，使用不便，不足值的大額貨幣泛濫，苛法強(qiáng)制推行，導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)的極大混亂，不久即告失敗。由于王莽禁漢，導(dǎo)致大量的漢五銖被集中銷(xiāo)毀，王莽下令，凡使用五銖或收藏五銖的，重則極刑輕則鞭刑，一度盛行的五銖錢(qián)，遭到了毀滅性的打擊。
Wuzhu coin is a great turning point in the history of Qin and Han Dynasties, which realizes the centralized unification of the central government's power of currency casting. The five baht coins in the Western Han Dynasty, each weighing five baht, were of regular shape, standard weight and well cast. After Wang Mang usurped the Han Dynasty, he changed the name of the country to a new dynasty. Wang Mang issued a series of laws to change the currency system, forbidding five baht and making new money. There were more than 30 kinds of currencies successively stipulated. The forms imitated the Zhou system, the grades were complicated, the use of them was inconvenient, the large amount of money with insufficient value was in flood, and the harsh laws were enforced, which led to great economic confusion and soon failed. Because Wang Mang banned Han, a large number of Han wuzhu were destroyed. Wang Mang ordered that anyone who used wuzhu or collected wuzhu would be severely punished but slightly flogged. The once popular wuzhu money was devastated.
東漢建武十六年，光武帝劉秀重新推行為王莽改制所一度中斷的五銖錢(qián)制，對(duì)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的恢復(fù)起到積極的作用。三國(guó)兩晉南北朝隋唐五代十國(guó)時(shí)期，是中國(guó)貨幣發(fā)展史上的一個(gè)重要轉(zhuǎn)變期，隋代在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)推行統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的五銖錢(qián)，同時(shí)嚴(yán)禁私鑄及其他舊幣使用。至開(kāi)皇五年隋五銖便成為國(guó)內(nèi)統(tǒng)一的法定貨幣。
In the 16th year of Jianwu period in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu, pushed back the five baht money system, which was once interrupted by Wang Mang's reform, and played a positive role in the recovery of social economy. During the period of Three Kingdoms, two Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, it was an important transition period in the history of China's currency development. In the fifth year of kaihuang's reign, Sui wuzhu became a unified legal currency in China.
五銖錢(qián)是我國(guó)錢(qián)幣史上使用時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的貨幣，也是用重量作為貨幣單位的錢(qián)幣，在我國(guó)五千年的貨幣發(fā)展史上起到了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。 西漢武帝元狩五年（公元前118年），在中原開(kāi)始發(fā)行五銖錢(qián)，從此開(kāi)啟了漢五銖錢(qián)的先河。一直到東漢末年為止，除了中間有些小的變動(dòng)（例如王莽統(tǒng)治的時(shí)期）之外，西漢、東漢上下四百年內(nèi)，五銖錢(qián)一統(tǒng)天下。
Five baht is the longest used in the history of Chinese money, is also the weight of the currency as a unit of money, in China's five thousand years of monetary development has played a far-reaching impact. Five years (118 BC), in the central plains began to issue five baht money, from then on began the han five baht money. Until the end of the eastern han dynasty, except for some minor changes in the middle (such as the reign of wang mang), the western and eastern han dynasties dominated the world for four hundred years with five baht.
此幣外圓內(nèi)方，象征著天地乾坤。正面書(shū)有“五銖”二篆字，字體修長(zhǎng)秀麗，風(fēng)格一致，“五”字交筆緩曲，上下與兩橫筆交接處略向內(nèi)收。“銖”字“金”頭有如箭鏃形。其面郭較寬，形制整齊，肉面光潔，錢(qián)內(nèi)外郭略高于錢(qián)肉，薄厚一致。此幣印制規(guī)整，錢(qián)型厚重，品相完整，文字美觀大方，銹色自然流暢，古樸大氣。整體打鑄深峻，輕重適宜，鑄工精細(xì)，字文凸起，邊棱料寬，外郭稍闊，銅色渾厚勻稱(chēng)，內(nèi)外郭寬窄均勻，規(guī)矩整齊，極具收藏價(jià)值。
This coin is round on the outside and square on the inside, symbolizing the heaven and earth. There are two seal characters of "wuzhu" in the obverse. The characters are slender and beautiful with the same style. The "wuzhu" character is gentle and curved at the intersection of the upper and lower strokes and the two horizontal strokes. "Zhu" character "Jin" head is like an arrow. Its surface is wide, its shape is neat, and its meat surface is smooth and clean. The inside and outside of Qian is slightly higher than that of Qian, and its thickness is the same. This coin is printed in a regular way, with a heavy money type, a complete product, beautiful and generous characters, natural and smooth rust color, and simple atmosphere. As a whole, the casting is deep, appropriate in weight, fine in craftsmanship, protruding in characters, wide in edge material, slightly wide in outer Guo, thick and symmetrical in copper color, uniform in width and regularity, and of great collection value.
古錢(qián)幣雖小，其身上卻印著豐富的歷史足跡。如今遺傳在世的精品古錢(qián)幣雖然并不多，但是每枚精品古幣價(jià)值卻是不菲。古錢(qián)幣的價(jià)格是由存世量、藝術(shù)價(jià)值和歷史價(jià)值判斷的，而且隨著市場(chǎng)供需關(guān)系的變化而產(chǎn)生不同程度的波動(dòng)。
Although the ancient coins are small, they have rich historical footprints. Although there are not many fine ancient coins inherited in the world, the value of each fine ancient coin is not poor. The price of ancient coins is determined by the amount of money, artistic value and historical value, and fluctuates with the change of market supply and demand.
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