智和文化——中央銀行關(guān)金劵貳萬伍千圓精品推薦
關(guān)金劵是“海關(guān)金單位兌換券”的簡(jiǎn)稱，為國(guó)民黨統(tǒng)治時(shí)期中國(guó)海關(guān)收稅的計(jì)算單位。關(guān)金券發(fā)行之初，正面為孫中山先生半身像，印有地名和“憑票即付”等字樣，背面圖樣為上海海關(guān)大樓，均為直型。原來海關(guān)收稅為銀兩，1929年世界銀價(jià)大落，影響關(guān)稅收入。銀價(jià)持續(xù)下跌雖有助于中國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的發(fā)展，但對(duì)償還外債而言，則增加了負(fù)擔(dān)。政府于1930年1月決定征收金幣，以值0.601866克純金為單位作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)計(jì)算，稱“海關(guān)金單位”，合美元0.40元；1930年中央銀行即委托美國(guó)鈔票公司印制關(guān)金兌換券；1931年5月中央銀行正式發(fā)行關(guān)金券，作為繳納關(guān)稅之用。
關(guān)金券最初的發(fā)行目標(biāo)只是為進(jìn)口商提供納稅的便利，并不在市面流通。由于其與外國(guó)貨幣直接掛靠，幣值相對(duì)穩(wěn)定，所以關(guān)金直接交稅的比例逐年上升。1942年4月，國(guó)民政府財(cái)政部規(guī)定以關(guān)金一元折合法幣二十元的比價(jià)，與法幣并行流通。這在一定程度上是國(guó)民政府變相增發(fā)法幣大鈔，關(guān)金券公開地行使流通功能，變成真正的紙幣。
1948年8月19日，國(guó)民黨政府頒布“財(cái)政經(jīng)濟(jì)緊急處分令”，實(shí)行所謂“幣制改革”，宣布廢除法幣和關(guān)金券，發(fā)行金圓券，并以1金圓券兌換15萬關(guān)金券的比率收兌關(guān)金券。同年11月21日停止收兌，關(guān)金券正式作廢。而下圖是小編有幸見到的其中一張。
關(guān)金券流通17年半，期間正式發(fā)行的關(guān)金券種類有47種，未發(fā)行的有4種。由于國(guó)民政府嚴(yán)重財(cái)政危機(jī)，惡性通貨膨脹迫使關(guān)金券進(jìn)入流通領(lǐng)域，最終不但沒有穩(wěn)定金融，反而成為廢紙一張。因此當(dāng)時(shí)大量關(guān)金券被人們棄之，然后在歷史長(zhǎng)河中大量消失，因此此券在目前收藏市場(chǎng)上屬于“一票難求”，具有重要的歷史意義、研究?jī)r(jià)值和收藏價(jià)值！
Guan Jinjuan is an abbreviation of the "Customs Gold Unit Exchange Coupon" and is the unit of calculation for the taxation of Chinese customs during the Kuomintang rule. At the beginning of the release of Guanjinquan, the front was a bust of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, printed with the words "pay by ticket" and other words. The back picture was the Shanghai Customs Building, which was straight. The original customs tax was silver, and in 1929 the world's silver price fell sharply, affecting customs revenue. The continued decline in silver prices has helped China's foreign trade but has added to the burden of servicing its external debt. In January 1930, the government decided to collect gold coins and use the value of 0.601866 grams of pure gold as the standard calculation. It was called the "Customs Gold Unit" and the United States dollar was 0.40 yuan; In 1930, the Central Bank commissioned the United States Banknote Company to print customs exchange vouchers; In May 1931, the Central Bank officially issued customs vouchers for the purpose of paying customs duties.
The original goal of Guanjinquan's issuance was only to provide importers with the convenience of paying taxes and not to circulate in the market. Since it is directly linked to foreign currencies and the value of the currency is relatively stable, the proportion of direct taxes paid by customs fees increases year by year. In April 1942, the Ministry of Finance of the Nationalist Government stipulated that the exchange price of the legal currency of 20 yuan for the one dollar of customs money should be circulated in parallel with the legal currency. To a certain extent, the Nationalist government issued a large amount of money in disguise. Guanjinquan openly exercised his circulation function and became a real BANKNOTE.
On August 19, 1948, the Kuomintang government promulgated the "Financial and Economic Emergency Disposition Order" and implemented the so-called "currency system reform", announced the abolition of the legal currency and customs vouchers, issued gold round vouchers, and exchanged 1 gold round vouchers for 150,000. The rate of gold vouchers received customs vouchers. On November 21 of the same year, the collection was stopped and Guanjinquan was officially cancelled. The following figure is one of the small editors were fortunate to see.
The customs vouchers were circulated for 17 and a half years. During the period, there were 47 types of customs vouchers that were officially issued and 4 kinds that were not issued. Due to the serious financial crisis of the Nationalist Government, hyperinflation forced customs vouchers to enter the circulation field. In the end, not only did it not stabilize finance, but it became a waste paper. Therefore, at that time, a large number of customs vouchers were abandoned by people and then disappeared in a large number of historical rivers. Therefore, this coupon belongs to the "one ticket is difficult to obtain" in the current collection market and has important historical significance, research value and collection value!
熱點(diǎn)推薦
藏品名稱：中央銀行關(guān)金劵貳萬伍千圓
Collection name: Central Bank Guan Jinji Wuqianyuan
此珍品現(xiàn)暫放于“四川智和文化發(fā)展有限公司”有意可直接與公司聯(lián)系！
四川智和文化是一家集藝術(shù)品線上線下展覽展銷、拍賣、文化交流、藝術(shù)鑒賞于一體的綜合性運(yùn)營(yíng)公司；以“汲取中國(guó)智慧，弘揚(yáng)中國(guó)精神，創(chuàng)造中國(guó)價(jià)值”的經(jīng)營(yíng)宗旨，以高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚的視野、積極的策劃運(yùn)作能力、極具開拓精神的團(tuán)隊(duì)，引領(lǐng)中國(guó)文化走向世界。
This treasure is temporarily placed in "Sichuan Zhihe Cultural Development Co., Ltd." intending to contact the company directly!
Sichuan Zhihe Culture is a comprehensive operation company that integrates online and offline art exhibition, auction, cultural exchange and art appreciation; with the business purpose of "drawing on Chinese wisdom, promoting Chinese spirit and creating Chinese value", it has a long-term vision, active planning and operation ability, and extremely pioneering spirit. God's team leads Chinese culture to the world.
